Sunday, 24 April 2016

Caeserius of Heisterbach: A grave warning.



The process of imposing celibacy on priests was long and difficult. Many priests had some concubine, this of course very much against the official doctrine. Of course women had to be warned against entering such relationships and the following story makes clear the consequences: they will go to Hell! Apart from reflecting social conditions, this story is also interesting for the various fairy-tale and folk-tale elements: the encirclement with a sword to create a safe space (also known from the werewolf story in Petronius’ Satyricon), the Devil disguised as hunter and the opening of the grave to prove the truth.
The story is taken from Caesarius of Heisterbach’s Dialogus Miraculorum, a vast collection of short miracle stories, compiled in the early decades of the 13th century. Priests used this collection for illustrating their sermons, but I wonder how many with a concubine would have used this story.

Caesarius of Heisterbach, Dialogus Miraculorum, distinctio 12, capitum 20

Concubina cuiusdam sacerdotis cum esset moritura, sicut a quodam religioso didici, cum multa instantia calcios sibi novos et bene taccunatos fieri petivit, dicens : Sepelite me in eis, valde enim mihi erunt necessarii. Quod cum factum fuisset, nocte sequenti longe ante lucem, luna splendente, miles quidam cum servo suo per viam equitans, femineos eiulatus audivit. Mirantibus illis quidnam hoc esset ; ecce mulier rapidissimo cursu ad eos properans, clamavit : Adiuvate me, adiuvate me. Mox miles de equo descendens, et gladio circulum sibi circumducens, feminam bene notam infra illum recepit. Sola enim camisia et calciis praedictis induta erat. Et ecce ex remoto vox quasi venatoris terribiliter buccinantis, nec non et latratus canum venaticorum praecedentium audiuntur. Quibus auditis illa dum nimis tremeret, miles cognitis ab ea causis, equum servo committens, tricas capillorum eius brachio suo sinistro circumligavit, dextera gladium tenens extentum. Approximante infernali illo venatore, ait mulier militi : Sine me currere, sine me currere ; ecce appropinquat. Illo fortius eam retinente, misera diversis conatibus militem pulsans, tandem ruptis capillis effugit. Quam diabolus insecutus cepit, equo suo eam iniiciens, ita ut caput cum brachiis penderet ex uno latere, et crura ex altero. Post paululum militi sic obvians, captam praedam deportavit. Qui mane ad villam rediens, quid viderit exposuit, capillos ostendit ; et cum minus referenti crederent, aperto sepulchro feminam capillos suos perdidisse repererunt. Haec contigerunt in Archiepiscopatu Maguntinensi.

sicut a quodam religioso didici: the stories are told by an elderly monk to a novice
cum multa instantia: with great urgency
calcius (calceus): shoe
taccuno (tacono): to patch up (this word doesn’t fit well for new shoes and one branch of manuscript has consutos `stichted’)
fieri petivit: asked to be made
sepelio sepelivi sepultum: to burry
equito: to ride a horse
eiulatus –us (m.): wailing, lamenting
infra: within the circle
camisia: linen shirt
induo indui indutum: to dress
venator venatoris (m.): hunter (venaticus: belonging to the hunt)
buccino (bucino): to blow the horn
nec non: and also
latratus –us (m.): barking
trica: tress
brachium: arm, hand
circumligo: to bind
extentum: drawn
sine: from sino!
diversis conatibus: after several attempts
inicio inieci iniectum: to throw in/upon
crus cruris (n.): leg
obvio (+ dat.): to meet
expono exposui expositum: to relate
reperio repperi (reperi) repertum: to find
in Archiepiscopatu Maguntinensi.: in the archdiocese of Mainz

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